:root {
  --paper: #f3f1ec;
  --paper-deep: #e8e5de;
  --ink: #181719;
  --soft-ink: #686368;
  --plum: #6f2946;
  --plum-dark: #45182b;
  --line: #c9c4bd;
  --serif: "Iowan Old Style", Baskerville, "Songti SC", STSong, Georgia, serif;
  --sans: Inter, "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Noto Sans CJK SC", Arial, sans-serif;
  --page: min(1500px, calc(100vw - 72px));
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }
body { margin: 0; background: var(--paper); color: var(--ink); font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.6; }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
button { color: inherit; font: inherit; }
::selection { background: var(--plum); color: #fff; }
html[data-lang="zh"] body { font-family: "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", "Noto Sans CJK SC", var(--sans); }
html[data-lang="zh"] h1, html[data-lang="zh"] h2, html[data-lang="zh"] h3, html[data-lang="zh"] .lead { font-family: "Songti SC", STSong, "Noto Serif CJK SC", var(--serif); }
.skip-link { position: fixed; left: 12px; top: -80px; z-index: 99; background: var(--ink); color: #fff; padding: 10px 16px; }
.skip-link:focus { top: 12px; }
:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--plum); outline-offset: 4px; }

.site-header { width: var(--page); height: 92px; margin: 0 auto; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr; align-items: center; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); position: relative; z-index: 10; }
.wordmark { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: -.02em; }
.wordmark-mark { width: 35px; height: 35px; display: grid; place-items: center; border: 1px solid var(--ink); border-radius: 50%; font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 500; font-size: 13px; }
.nav { display: flex; gap: 34px; font-size: 13px; }
.nav a, .academic-links a { transition: color .2s ease; }
.nav a:hover, .academic-links a:hover { color: var(--plum); }
.header-actions { justify-self: end; display: flex; gap: 14px; align-items: center; }
.language-toggle, .menu-button { border: 0; background: transparent; cursor: pointer; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; padding: 9px 0; }
.language-toggle .slash { margin: 0 6px; color: var(--line); }
.menu-button, .mobile-menu { display: none; }

.hero { width: var(--page); min-height: 720px; margin: 0 auto; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 210px minmax(520px, 1fr) minmax(220px, 320px); grid-template-rows: 1fr auto; gap: 42px; padding: 72px 0 48px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); position: relative; }
.research-index { align-self: start; display: flex; flex-direction: column; border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.index-label { color: var(--soft-ink); font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .15em; text-transform: uppercase; padding: 12px 0 25px; }
.research-index a { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 34px 1fr; align-items: baseline; padding: 10px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); font-size: 11px; color: var(--soft-ink); }
.research-index b { color: var(--plum); font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .08em; }
.research-index a:hover span { color: var(--ink); }
.hero-copy { max-width: 850px; }
.eyebrow, .section-kicker { margin: 0 0 28px; font-size: 10px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .18em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--plum); }
h1, h2, h3, p { margin-top: 0; }
h1 { margin-bottom: 48px; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(64px, 6.25vw, 112px); line-height: .92; letter-spacing: -.055em; font-weight: 400; }
h1 { white-space: pre-line; }
h1 em { color: var(--plum); font-weight: 400; }
.hero-intro { max-width: 620px; margin-left: 12%; display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) auto; gap: 34px; font-size: 17px; }
.hero-links { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: 10px; white-space: nowrap; }
.text-link { display: inline-flex; gap: 18px; align-items: center; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink); padding-bottom: 3px; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .04em; }
.muted-link { border: 0; color: var(--soft-ink); }
.portrait-placeholder { align-self: start; aspect-ratio: .75; background: var(--plum-dark); color: #fff; position: relative; display: grid; place-items: center; overflow: hidden; }
.portrait-placeholder::before { content: ""; position: absolute; width: 140%; aspect-ratio: 1; border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.24); border-radius: 50%; top: 38%; left: -20%; }
.portrait-placeholder::after { content: ""; position: absolute; width: 65%; aspect-ratio: 1; border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.2); transform: rotate(45deg); top: 12%; }
.portrait-placeholder > span { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 58px; z-index: 1; }
.portrait-placeholder small { position: absolute; bottom: 18px; left: 18px; font-size: 9px; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; line-height: 1.4; opacity: .65; }
.portrait-placeholder.has-photo { margin: 0; background: #b5a38d; }
.portrait-placeholder.has-photo::before, .portrait-placeholder.has-photo::after { display: none; }
.portrait-photo { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; object-position: center 43%; filter: saturate(.82) contrast(1.03); }
.portrait-placeholder figcaption { position: absolute; left: 15px; bottom: 14px; margin: 0; padding: 5px 7px; background: rgba(24,23,25,.72); color: #fff; font-size: 8px; line-height: 1.35; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase; backdrop-filter: blur(4px); }
.hero-note { grid-column: 3; margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 15px; font-style: italic; line-height: 1.4; color: var(--soft-ink); }

.section { width: var(--page); margin: 0 auto; padding: 120px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.section-header { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 210px minmax(430px, .9fr) minmax(250px, .55fr); gap: 42px; align-items: start; margin-bottom: 90px; }
.section-header h2, .about-title h2, .contact-section h2 { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(45px, 5vw, 78px); line-height: .97; letter-spacing: -.045em; font-weight: 400; margin-bottom: 0; }
.section-header > p:last-child { max-width: 450px; color: var(--soft-ink); }
.research-list { margin-left: 252px; }
.research-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 92px minmax(300px, .8fr) minmax(280px, 1fr); gap: 32px; padding: 34px 0 45px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.research-row:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.research-code { font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .16em; color: var(--plum); }
.research-row h3 { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 34px; line-height: 1.05; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.025em; margin: 0; }
.research-row p { color: var(--soft-ink); max-width: 520px; margin: 0; }

.section-header.compact { grid-template-columns: 210px 1fr auto; margin-bottom: 58px; align-items: end; }
.all-work { align-self: end; margin-bottom: 7px; }
.publication-list { margin-left: 252px; }
.publication-filters { margin: -28px 0 48px 252px; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
.filter-button { border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 100px; background: transparent; padding: 7px 13px; font-size: 10px; color: var(--soft-ink); cursor: pointer; }
.filter-button.is-active, .filter-button:hover { background: var(--ink); border-color: var(--ink); color: var(--paper); }
.publication[hidden] { display: none; }
.publication { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 150px minmax(360px, 1.2fr) minmax(180px, .55fr) 110px; gap: 26px; padding: 34px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); align-items: start; }
.publication:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.pub-meta { font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .09em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--soft-ink); display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px; }
.status { color: var(--plum); }
.pub-heading { grid-column: 2; }
.publication h3 { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 28px; line-height: 1.1; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.025em; margin-bottom: 10px; }
.publication .official-title { font-size: 10px; line-height: 1.4; color: var(--soft-ink); margin-bottom: 8px; }
.publication .journal { font-size: 12px; font-style: italic; color: var(--soft-ink); margin: 0; }
.publication .authors { font-size: 10px; color: var(--soft-ink); margin: 5px 0 0; }
.publication .summary { grid-column: 3; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.55; color: var(--soft-ink); margin: 0; }
.tags { grid-column: 2 / 4; display: flex; gap: 7px; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-top: 8px; }
.tags span { border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 100px; padding: 4px 9px; font-size: 9px; color: var(--soft-ink); }
.pub-actions { grid-column: 4; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-end; gap: 10px; }
.doi-link { justify-self: end; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink); font-size: 10px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .04em; padding-bottom: 3px; white-space: nowrap; }
.copy-citation { border: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); background: transparent; padding: 0 0 3px; color: var(--soft-ink); font: inherit; font-size: 9px; cursor: pointer; }
.doi-link.disabled { color: var(--soft-ink); border: 0; text-align: right; }

.projects-section { background: var(--plum-dark); color: #f4efee; width: 100%; padding-left: calc((100vw - var(--page)) / 2); padding-right: calc((100vw - var(--page)) / 2); }
.projects-section .section-kicker { color: #d7a6b8; }
.projects-section .section-header { width: 100%; }
.project-grid { margin-left: 252px; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
.project-grid article { min-height: 390px; padding: 28px; border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.18); border-right: 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
.project-grid article:last-child { border-right: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.18); }
.project-number { color: #d7a6b8; font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .15em; }
.project-grid h3 { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 42px; line-height: .98; font-weight: 400; margin: auto 0 38px; }
.project-grid p { color: rgba(255,255,255,.64); font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 0; }

.about-section { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(300px, .9fr) minmax(450px, 1fr); gap: 12%; }
.about-title h2 { color: var(--plum); font-size: clamp(74px, 10vw, 150px); }
.degree { margin-top: 38px; color: var(--soft-ink); font-size: 12px; }
.about-copy { max-width: 720px; padding-top: 52px; }
.about-copy .lead { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 31px; line-height: 1.22; letter-spacing: -.02em; }
.about-copy > p:not(.lead) { color: var(--soft-ink); }
.interests { margin-top: 70px; padding-top: 24px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); display: grid; grid-template-columns: 160px 1fr; gap: 24px; }
.interests h3 { font-size: 11px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .1em; }
.interests p { color: var(--soft-ink); font-size: 14px; }
.education-block { grid-column: 1 / 3; margin-top: 95px; padding-top: 65px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(220px, .6fr) 1.4fr; gap: 8%; }
.education-block > header h3 { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 42px; line-height: 1; font-weight: 400; margin: 0; }
.education-list article { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 100px 1fr; gap: 28px; padding: 26px 0 30px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.education-list article:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.education-list time { color: var(--plum); font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .08em; line-height: 1.5; }
.education-list h4 { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 25px; line-height: 1.15; font-weight: 400; margin: 0 0 7px; }
.education-list p { color: var(--soft-ink); font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.education-list small { display: block; color: var(--soft-ink); font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.55; max-width: 700px; }

.contact-section { width: 100%; background: var(--ink); color: #f5f1ec; padding: 110px max(36px, calc((100vw - var(--page)) / 2)); display: grid; grid-template-columns: 210px 1fr 1fr; gap: 42px; align-items: start; }
.contact-section .section-kicker { color: #d7a6b8; }
.contact-section > p:not(.section-kicker) { color: rgba(255,255,255,.58); max-width: 420px; }
.email-link { grid-column: 2; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(28px, 4vw, 56px); border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.4); padding-bottom: 12px; width: fit-content; }
.academic-links { grid-column: 3; display: flex; gap: 22px; align-self: end; font-size: 11px; }
.academic-links a:hover { color: #d7a6b8; }
.site-footer { min-height: 90px; background: var(--ink); color: rgba(255,255,255,.44); border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12); display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr; align-items: center; padding: 0 max(36px, calc((100vw - var(--page)) / 2)); font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .06em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.site-footer span:nth-child(2) { text-align: center; }
.site-footer a { justify-self: end; }

@media (max-width: 1050px) {
  :root { --page: calc(100vw - 48px); }
  .hero { grid-template-columns: 150px 1fr 220px; gap: 28px; min-height: 650px; }
  .section-header { grid-template-columns: 150px 1fr; }
  .section-header > p:last-child { grid-column: 2; }
  .research-list, .publication-list, .project-grid, .publication-filters { margin-left: 178px; }
  .research-row { grid-template-columns: 70px 1fr 1fr; }
  .publication { grid-template-columns: 105px 1fr 100px; }
  .publication .summary { grid-column: 2; grid-row: auto; }
  .pub-actions { grid-column: 3; }
  .tags { grid-column: 2; }
  .project-grid h3 { font-size: 34px; }
  .contact-section { grid-template-columns: 150px 1fr; }
  .contact-section > p:not(.section-kicker), .academic-links { grid-column: 2; }
  .email-link { grid-column: 2; }
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  :root { --page: calc(100vw - 32px); }
  .site-header { height: 72px; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; }
  .nav { display: none; }
  .wordmark > span:last-child { display: none; }
  .menu-button { display: inline-block; }
  .mobile-menu { position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0; top: 71px; background: var(--paper); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink); padding: 18px 0 25px; flex-direction: column; gap: 12px; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 26px; }
  .mobile-menu.is-open { display: flex; }
  .hero { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 110px; grid-template-rows: auto auto auto; gap: 24px 18px; min-height: 0; padding: 45px 0 28px; }
  .research-index { display: none; }
  .hero-copy { grid-column: 1 / 3; }
  h1 { font-size: clamp(50px, 15.5vw, 72px); margin-bottom: 35px; }
  .hero-intro { margin-left: 0; display: block; font-size: 15px; max-width: 92%; }
  .hero-links { margin-top: 24px; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }
  .portrait-placeholder { grid-column: 2; grid-row: 2; width: 110px; }
  .portrait-placeholder > span { font-size: 30px; }
  .portrait-placeholder small { display: none; }
  .portrait-placeholder figcaption { display: none; }
  .hero-note { grid-column: 1; grid-row: 2; align-self: end; }
  .section { padding: 78px 0; }
  .section-header, .section-header.compact { display: block; margin-bottom: 42px; }
  .section-header h2 { margin-bottom: 25px; }
  .all-work { margin-top: 24px; }
  .research-list, .publication-list, .project-grid, .publication-filters { margin-left: 0; }
  .publication-filters { margin-top: -15px; margin-bottom: 32px; }
  .research-row { grid-template-columns: 46px 1fr; gap: 18px; padding: 26px 0 30px; }
  .research-row p { grid-column: 2; }
  .research-row h3 { font-size: 29px; }
  .publication { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; gap: 13px 18px; padding: 28px 0; }
  .pub-meta, .pub-heading, .publication .summary, .tags { grid-column: 1 / 3; }
  .publication h3 { font-size: 26px; }
  .pub-actions { grid-column: 1 / 3; flex-direction: row; align-items: center; justify-content: flex-start; }
  .projects-section { padding-left: 16px; padding-right: 16px; }
  .project-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .project-grid article { min-height: 270px; border-right: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.18); border-bottom: 0; }
  .project-grid article:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.18); }
  .about-section { display: block; }
  .about-title h2 { font-size: 92px; }
  .about-copy { padding-top: 45px; }
  .about-copy .lead { font-size: 26px; }
  .interests { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 10px; }
  .education-block { display: block; margin-top: 70px; padding-top: 50px; }
  .education-block > header { margin-bottom: 38px; }
  .education-list article { grid-template-columns: 68px 1fr; gap: 18px; }
  .education-list h4 { font-size: 22px; }
  .contact-section { display: block; padding: 78px 16px; }
  .contact-section h2 { margin-bottom: 30px; }
  .email-link { display: inline-block; font-size: 25px; margin-top: 26px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
  .academic-links { margin-top: 38px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
  .site-footer { padding: 25px 16px; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; gap: 12px; }
  .site-footer > span:nth-child(2) { display: none; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  *, *::before, *::after { animation-duration: .01ms !important; transition-duration: .01ms !important; }
}